Coking process and apparatus therefor



Patented Apr. 23, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFrlcE.

LOUIS wrnror'rn, or'nnw ROCHELLE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND HESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO WILPUTTE COKE OVEN CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,

A. CORPORATION OF MAINE.

COKING PROCESS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR.

Application filed July 6, 1922. Serial No. 573,181.

with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this specification. For a better understanding of my invention, however, and its advantages, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which I have illustrated. and described preferred embodiments of my invention.

Of the drawings:

Fig. 1 is alongitudinal sectional elevation of a coking chamber;

Fig. 2 is a partial sectional elevation taken through one of the coking chamber doors;

gig. 3 is a view taken similarly to Fig. 2; an

Fig. 4 is an end elevation of a portion of the coke oven structure shown in Fig. 1.

In the' drawings, A represents a coking chamber in a coke oven battery of a typein general use throughout the wrrld in the manufacture of b -pr0duct coke. In present day ractice in tii's country, each such coking c amber is from 10 to 12 feet high, is in the neighborhood of 40 feet long, and is of average width of from 14 to 21 inches. The top, bottom and side walls of each retort are made of masonry and form rigid permanent portions of the oven battery. The ends of the retort are closed by removable doors B each of which comprises an outer metallic frame and an inner ortion, or lining B of fire brick. Normal y closed openings A are provided in the top of the oven structure through which the coal is passed into the oven chamber in charging the latter.

to a suitable piping system (not shown).

with flue spaces for the heating gases by which the requisite heat is supplied for carboni zing the coal.

For the introduction of steam or other fluld into the charge C in each retort I form channels (3 in the charge. These channels preferably extend into the charge in directions parallel to the length of the retort, and approximately midway between the side walls of the retort. Each channel made extends into the charge from one end nearly to the other end of the charge, or as shown, may be arranged in aligned pairs extending into the charge C at its opposite ends each nearly to the center of the charge. The channels .0 may be provided at different levels, but in general I consider it sufficient to provide a single channel, or pair of aligned channels C located in the lower portion of the charge and preferably at a distance from the bottom wall of the charge approximately as great as, or a trifle greater than, half the width of the retort.

I form these channels by means of cores D which ma be iron or steel pipes two inches or so in 'ameter. These cores may be put in place at the, time the retort is charged, or they may be inserted after the retort is charged at any time rior to the time at which the central ortion of the char' e be"- gins to harden un er the heat to whic it is subjected. Each core D is withdrawn after the portion of the charge around the core has hardened or set, and before this portion of the charge has heated up to a temperature injurious to the metallic core. Each core D is withdrawn through a corresponding opening B formed in the corresponding door B. Preferably the openings B are substantially larger in diameter than the cores D so that any settlement of the charge with the cores in place will not interfere with the ready removal of the cores. When, as I consider preferable, the cores are put in place after the retort is charged I make the inner end of each core D pointed as indicated at D to facilitate the forcing of the core into the charge. At its outer and each core may be provided with an internal shoulder D or generated in the chambers. These provisions may obviously be constructed in various ways. In the simple and effective form shown, the closure means for the passages B comprise a conical plug E which may be formed of metal and when in place tits against a, tapered seat B provided at the outer end of the door aperture B Means shown for holding each plug E in place comprise a sliding part F having a wedge face engaging the outer end of the plug and comprising a stem portion F slidingly received in keepers or guides B carried by the metallic framework of the door.

After the walls of the channels C have set or hardened, and the cores D have been withdrawn, steam or other fluid is discharged into the outer end of each channel I as and when desired. The particular form of steam supplying means shown by way of exam le comprise nozzle pipes G carried by pugs EA which may be identical in construction with the plugs E except that the plugs EA are formed with thorough-- fares E into the inner. ends of which the pipes G are secured. The pipes G preferably extend beyond the inner faces of the doors and into the channels C for a few inches, Any suitable external provisions may be made for supplying fluid at the proper time to the nozzle pipes G. As shown the outer ends of the thoroughfares E are connected by flexible steam hose sections H and valves H to suitably disposed fluid supply pipes I. To facilitate the insertion and removal of the plugs E and EA provisions may be made for releasingly holding each sliding member F up out of its normal positions. The provisions illustrated for this purposecomprise a chain H secured to each door above the sliding part F and provided at its free end with a hook H, adapted to enter an aperture F formed for the purpose in the upper end of the stem F of the correspondingmember F.

The invention is especially adapted and intended for use where it is desirable to increase the gas yield of coke ovens by adding to the distillation gases properly produced, a certain amount of water gas. For accomplishing this result in accordance with 'the present invention, steam is blown into that the invention may be employed to form either a greater or less amount of water gas than that mentioned.

I am aware that it has heretofore been proposed to pass steam into the coking chamber of by-product coke ovens in order to supplement the gases of distillation by water gas, but I believe I am the first to introduce the steam in such retorts through channels formed in the body of the charge as distinguished from introducing it into the chamber at the outer surface of the charge through channels formed in the brick-work walls of the retort. By passing the steam into channels formed in the coke mass through supply connections passing through or carried by the oven doors, I not onlybring about a more advantageous contact of the steam with the charge, but I also avoid exposin the stationary highly heated fire brick wa lsof the oven structure to the cooling action of the gas supplied, and avoid all danger of having the steam supply passages clogged with coal or coke in the oven charging and discharging operations. By proceeding in accordance with the present invention the sup ly connections in their entirety are rea ily accessible, and can easily be renewed or repaired when this is desirable.

ILU

' The invention is obviously useful in 'introducing other fluids than steam into the coking chambers to act on the charges therein. For example, the invention may be used to supplement the coal distillation gases by oil gas. For this purpose oil in liquid or gaseous form is injected into the channels C through the nozzles G or analogous devices.

While in accordance with the provisions of the statutes I have illustrated and described the best form of my invention now known to me, it will be apparent tothose skilled in coking operation a uid interacting with the hot coke mass to produce a combustible gas. 2. In coking carbonaceous material 1n I a by-product coke oven, the improvement which consists informing a channel in the charge being coked during an initial stage of the coking operation, and injecting steam into the channel during a final stage of the coking operation. c

3. In cokin carbonaceous material in a by-productco ring oven having a coking chamber and a removable end door therefor, the mprovement which consists in lmbedding a channel forming core in a coal charge in said chamber in position to be axially withdrawn from the charge through an aperture formed in said door, and spaced, away from all walls of the coking chamber except the door, withdrawing said core through said aperture after the coking operation has proceeded far enough to set the wall of the channel in the charge thereby formed, and subsequently injecting into said channel a fluid interacting with the charge to form a combustible gas.

4. In a coke oven having a coking chamber therein, the combination with a removable door closing one end of said coking chamber and having an aperture therein and a removable closure for said aperture, of provisions for sealingl said aperture when said closure is remove comprising a conical plug having a passage therein for a fluid and a fluid injecting nozzle connected to the inner end of said passage.

' 5. In a coke oven having a coking chamber therein, the combination with a removable door closing one end of said coking chamber and having an aperture therein and a removableclosure for said aperture, of means for moving said closure to permit the insertion and withdrawal of a channel forming core bar through said aperture, and provisions for sealing said aperture including means for injecting a fluid through said aperture into said chamber.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York this 5th day of July A. D. 1922.

LOUIS WILPUTTE. 

